• Dejan Dobrijević, Jasmina Katanić, Maša Todorović, and Biljana Vučković.
• MD. Clinical Biochemistry Resident and Teaching Assistant, Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Novi Sad, Serbia; and Physician, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Institute for Child and Youth Health Care of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia.
• Sao Paulo Med J. 2022 Sep 1; 140 (5): 691-696.

BackgroundClinical judgment of initial baseline laboratory tests plays an important role in triage and preliminary diagnosis among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.ObjectivesTo determine the differences in laboratory parameters between COVID-19 and COVID-like patients, and between COVID-19 and healthy children. Additionally, to ascertain whether healthy children or patients with COVID-like symptoms would form a better control group.Design And SettingCross-sectional study at the Institute for Child and Youth Health Care of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 42 pediatric patients of both sexes with COVID-19. Hematological parameters (white blood cell count, absolute lymphocyte count and platelet count) and biochemical parameters (natremia, kalemia, chloremia, aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] and C-reactive protein [CRP]) were collected. The first control group was formed by 80 healthy children and the second control group was formed by 55 pediatric patients with COVID-like symptoms.ResultsLeukocytosis, lymphopenia, thrombocytosis, elevated systemic inflammatory index and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, hyponatremia, hypochloremia and elevated levels of AST, ALT, LDH and CRP were present in COVID patients, in comparison with healthy controls, while in comparison with COVID-like controls only lymphopenia was determined.ConclusionsThe presence of leukocytosis, lymphopenia, thrombocytosis, elevated systemic inflammatory index and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, hyponatremia, hypochloremia and elevated levels of AST, ALT, LDH and CRP may help healthcare providers in early identification of COVID-19 patients. Healthy controls were superior to COVID-like controls since they provided better insight into the laboratory characteristics of children with novel betacoronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

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