• Xiaodong Phoenix Chen, Michael Go, Alan Harzman, Amber Traugott, Aslam Ejaz, Courtney Collins, Timothy M Pawlik, and E Christopher Ellison.
• From the Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
• J. Am. Coll. Surg. 2022 Aug 1; 235 (2): 361369361-369.

AbstractOperative coaching offers a unique opportunity to strengthen surgery residents' skill sets and practice readiness. However, institutional organizational capacity may influence the ability to successfully implement and sustain a coaching program. This review concentrates on the implementation requirements as they relate to institutional organizational capacity to help evaluate and determine if adopting such a coaching model is feasible. We searched English-language, peer-reviewed articles concerning operative coaching of general surgery residents between 2000 and 2020 with the MEDLINE database. The abstracts of 267 identified articles were further screened based on the presence of 2 inclusion criteria: general surgery residents and operative coaching. Then we summarized the reported implementation requirements. Findings revealed the implementation requirements (ie people, processes, technology/support resources, physical resources, and organizational systems) of 3 major types of resident operative coaching models were different. Video-assisted coaching faces the most barriers to implementation followed by video-based coaching; in-person coaching encounters the least barriers. Six questions are generated helping residency education leaders assess their readiness for an operative coaching program. Evaluation of the implementation requirements of a desired coaching program using the 5 organizational capacity elements is recommended to ensure the residency's ability to achieve a successful and sustainable program.Copyright © 2022 by the American College of Surgeons. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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