• Ji Hye Huh, Kyong Joo Lee, Yun Kyung Cho, Shinje Moon, Yoon Jung Kim, Eun Roh, Kyung-do Han, Dong Hee Koh, Jun Goo Kang, Seong Jin Lee, and Sung-Hee Ihm.
• Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
• Ann. Surg. 2023 Aug 1; 278 (2): e264e271e264-e271.

ObjectiveThis study assessed whether cholecystectomy is a risk factor for newly developed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Korean population.BackgroundThere is a lack of evidence that cholecystectomy is independently associated with insulin resistance and T2DM.MethodsThis study included all patients aged more than 20 years who had undergone cholecystectomy from 2010 to 2015 (n=55,166) and age-matched and sex-matched control subjects without cholecystectomy (n=110,332) using the National Health Insurance Service database. They were followed up until the date of newly developed T2DM or study end and the incidence of T2DM was traced over a maximum observation period of 7 years.ResultsOverall, 55,166 patients who underwent cholecystectomy and 110,332 age-matched and sex-matched controls were followed up for ∼4.7 years, during which, incident T2DM occurred in 5982 (3.61%) patients. Cholecystectomy was associated with 20% higher risk of T2DM after adjustment for all covariates. The cumulative incidence of T2DM also significantly increased in the cholecystectomy group for ∼7 years ( P <0.001). The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for T2DM was the highest in the group with both cholecystectomy and obesity using the control without both cholecystectomy and obesity as a reference [HR=1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.29-1.56]. The group with cholecystectomy without obesity showed the comparable risk of incident T2DM compared with the group without cholecystectomy with obesity (HR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.20-1.40 for cholecystectomy without obesity and HR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.14-1.36 for control with obesity).ConclusionsThese results provide evidence that cholecystectomy is associated with an increased risk of newly developed T2DM in the Korean population. Further research is required to elucidate the mechanism of the association between cholecystectomy and incident diabetes.Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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