• Yuan Tian, Alan Huang, Mei Tian, Kaiyong Wang, Qi Dang, Caiqing Zhang, Hongmei Liu, Junyan Zhao, Xiaowei Yang, Chi Zhang, Liang Guo, and Feng Chen.
• Radiotherapy Department of Oncology, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250023, P. R. China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Sep 9; 101 (36): e30151e30151.

PurposeTo elucidate the relationship between peripheral edema and programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors, the meta-analysis was performed.MethodFollowing the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses, all-grade and grade 3-5 of peripheral edema data extracted from clinical trials were taken into account for the final comprehensive assessments.ResultsTwenty-seven PD-1/PD-L1-related clinical trials with peripheral edema data were collected. Compared with chemotherapy (PD-1/PD-L1 vs chemotherapy), the risk of developing peripheral edema for all-grade was much lower (odds ratio [OR] = 0.36, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.23, 0.56], Z = 4.55 [P < .00001]). When PD-1/PD-L1 plus chemotherapy were compared with chemotherapy, no significant analysis results for all-grade was found (OR = 1.15, 95% CI:[0.93, 1.44], I2 = 25%, Z = 1.27 [P = .20]). Similar risk trends could also be found when the incidence risk of peripheral edema for grade 3-5 was evaluated. No obvious publication bias was identified throughout the total analysis process.ConclusionThe effect of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor on the risk of developing peripheral edema was weaker than that of chemotherapy, and the combination with chemotherapy slightly increased the incidence risk of developing peripheral edema without statistical significance.Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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