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Internal medicine journal · Feb 2023
Assessment of respiratory function and exercise tolerance at 4-6 months after COVID-19 infection in patients with pneumonia of different severity.
- Laura Pini, Rossano Montori, Jordan Giordani, Michele Guerini, Nicla Orzes, Manuela Ciarfaglia, Marianna Arici, Carlo Cappelli, Simone Piva, Nicola Latronico, Maria L Muiesan, and Claudio Tantucci.
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, ASST-Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.
- Intern Med J. 2023 Feb 1; 53 (2): 202208202-208.
BackgroundThe evaluation of COVID-19 systemic consequences is a wide research field in which respiratory function assessment has a pivotal role. However, the available data in the literature are still sparse and need further strengthening.AimTo assess respiratory function 4-6 months after hospital discharge based on lung disease severity in patients who overcome COVID-19 pneumonia.MethodsPatients hospitalised either in the Internal Medicine Department (IMD) for moderate to severe disease or in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for critical disease underwent spirometry with maximal flow-volume curve, lung volumes, lung diffusion capacity (DLCO ) and six-minute walking test (6-MWT).ResultsEighty-eight patients were analysed: 40 from the IMD and 48 from the ICU. In both cohorts, there was a greater prevalence of male patients. In the IMD cohort, 38% of patients showed at least one altered respiratory parameter, while 62% in the ICU cohort did so (P < 0.05). Total lung capacity (TLC) and DLCO were the most frequently altered parameters: 15% and 33% from IMD versus 33% and 56% from ICU, respectively (P < 0.05). In IMD patients, 5% had only restrictive deficit, 22% had only lung diffusion impairment and 10% had both. In ICU patients, 6% had only restrictive deficit, 29% had only lung diffusion impairment and 27% had both (P < 0.05). ICU patients showed a higher frequency of abnormal 6-MWT (P < 0.05).ConclusionLung function tests and 6-MWT are highly informative tools for monitoring the negative consequences of COVID-19 pneumonia, which were more frequent and more complex in patients discharged from ICU.© 2022 The Authors. Internal Medicine Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Royal Australasian College of Physicians.
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