• Liani Patricia Andrade Santos, Claudio Emílio Bonduki, Rita de Cássia de Maio Dardes, Thais Heinke, and Marisa Teresinha Patriarca.
• Departamento de Ginecologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Electronic address: liani.paty@gmail.com.
• Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2022 Jan 1; 77: 100116.

ObjectivesIn this pilot, prospective, randomized, double-blind study, the authors compared the efficacy of oxytocin with promestriene in improving vaginal atrophy of Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM).MethodsA total of 51 postmenopausal women with symptoms of GSM were evaluated. They were randomized into two groups: oxytocin (25 patients) and promestriene (26 patients) and were evaluated before and after 90 days of treatment; the evaluation was based on the domains of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) (lubrication, satisfaction, and pain during sexual intercourse), clinical visual examination, and vaginal wall thickness.ResultsAfter the use of the medications, both groups showed significant improvement in the three evaluated FSFI domains (p < 0.05) and there was no significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05). On clinical examination, the medications improved all the evaluated parameters but without statistical significance (p > 0.05). The evaluation of the thickness of the vaginal epithelium showed that both treatments led to increase in the vaginal epithelium (p < 0.05); however, the efficacy of promestriene was higher than that of oxytocin (p < 0.05).ConclusionsBoth medications were effective, however, studies with larger samples and longer follow-ups are needed to confirm the clinical applicability.Copyright © 2022 HCFMUSP. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

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