• Daniel Wenceslau Votto Olmedo, Katheryne Benini Martins, Milene Machado Paz, Caroline Lopes Feijo Fernandes, Flavio Manoel Rodrigues da Silva Júnior, and Daniela Fernandes Ramos.
• Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Faculty of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences - Rio Grande (RS), Brazil.
• Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2022 Sep 1; 68 (9): 119111981191-1198.

ObjectiveBronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by inflammation, irreversible dilation of the bronchi, and recurrent pulmonary infections, with a high morbidity and mortality rate, but is less studied from the point of view of its prevalence and associated factors not directly related to respiratory prognosis. As it is a disease related to the exacerbation of the inflammatory process and oxidative stress, this study searched to investigate the micronucleus frequency in patients with and without bronchiectasis treated at a specialized pulmonology service in a hospital in the extreme south of Brazil.MethodsPatients with a confirmed tomographic diagnosis of bronchiectasis were defined as cases. Mutagenicity was evaluated by the micronucleus test in patients' oral mucosa cells. Data collection was performed through a questionnaire containing socioeconomic, demographic, lifestyle, and health condition information.ResultsOf the 95 patients involved in this study, 21 (22.1%) were diagnosed with bronchiectasis aged between 12 and 89 years. There was no significant difference in the frequency of micronucleus between patients with and without bronchiectasis. There was a significant positive association between age and frequency of micronucleus among patients with bronchiectasis, but this association does not occur among patients without the disease.ConclusionThis is the first study to investigate data on the prevalence and clinical and epidemiological aspects of this chronic disease in Brazil, especially those related to the genotoxicity outcome.

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