• Yosuke Aoyama, Atsushi Miyamoto, Takeshi Fujii, Sakashi Fujimori, Meiyo Tamaoka, and Daiya Takai.
• Department of Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Center, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Oct 7; 101 (40): e31062e31062.

RationaleBronchial schwannomas are extremely rare among the benign tracheobronchial tumors and little are known about its epidemiology and optimal clinical management. Here, we report a case of bronchial schwannoma in a young Japanese man and clinical implications about epidemiology, symptom, diagnosis, and treatment of bronchial schwannoma.Patients ConcernA 37-year-old man visited our department with a nodule incidentally found on his chest radiograph during a routine medical checkup.DiagnosisThe tumor was diagnosed as a bronchial schwannoma after pathological evaluation. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of spindle cell proliferation characterized by an alternating highly ordered cellular Antoni A component with occasional nuclear palisading and a loose myxoid Antoni B component. Tumor cells were immunoreactive for S100 but not for smooth muscle actin or KIT.InterventionsA video-assisted right middle and lower bilobectomy was performed.OutcomeHe remains under observation without recurrence.LessonsIn our review, many reports have come from Asian countries. Bronchial schwannoma can occur within a wide range of age groups and in both men and women. No difference in incidence was observed between right and left bronchial tree. Bronchial schwannoma is sometimes difficult to differentiate from malignant diseases. We should include bronchial schwannoma as one of the differential diagnoses of primary bronchial tumors.Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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