• Tomer Talmy, Ziv Izhaki, Sami Gendler, and Eliad Aviram.
• Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Surgeon General's Headquarters, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel.
• Mil Med. 2023 Jul 22; 188 (7-8): e2823e2825e2823-e2825.

AbstractSpontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare and self-limiting clinical entity, often triggered by activities causing acute changes in intrathoracic pressure such as childbirth, strenuous exercise, vomiting, and coughing. We present a case of a young male soldier who developed spontaneous pneumothorax following persistent yelling while attending a soccer match. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum may be preceded by a variety of strenuous activities, and clinicians should be aware of this entity when performing the evaluation of patients with nonspecific symptoms such as chest pain and dyspnea. Patients diagnosed with pneumomediastinum but presenting with additional findings such as vomiting and pleural effusion should be thoroughly evaluated to rule out potentially life-threatening mediastinal organ injury. Return to military duty should be determined by clinical reevaluation and follow-up imaging findings.© The Association of Military Surgeons of the United States 2022. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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