• J Am Board Fam Med · Oct 2022

    Self-Perceived Mental Health and Perceived Discrimination in Family Physicians and Residents: A Comparative Study Between Men and Women.

    • Diana Guízar-Sánchez, María Yoldi-Negrete, Rebeca Robles-García, Geovani López-Ortiz, Carlos Rivero-López, Isis Castro-Valdes, Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate, and Ana Fresán Orellana.
    • From Departamento de Fisiología de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México (DGS); Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas. Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, México (MYN, AF); Centro de Investigación en Salud Mental Global. Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, México (RRG); Subdivisión de Medicina Familiar, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (GLO, CRL); Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Dirección de Prestaciones Médicas, Centro Regional de Formación de Profesores en el Área de la Salud, Ciudad de México, México (ICV); Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Tabasco, México (CATZ).
    • J Am Board Fam Med. 2022 Oct 18; 35 (5): 912-920.

    IntroductionThe present study aims to examine sex differences in demographic variables, professional activities and adversities, self-reported mental health problems, and perceived discrimination in a sample of family doctors and family medicine residents in Mexico. METHODS: From a larger sample of medical specialists, an analytic, cross-sectional study was conducted with 566 participants, including 317 (56%) family medicine residents and 249 (44%) family doctors in Mexico through an online survey. Demographic features, professional activities and adversities, mental health, and perceived discrimination were examined. Descriptive and comparative analyses were performed. Cramer's V for chi-square tests and Hedge's g for t test were conducted to determine effect sizes. RESULTS: Both sexes displayed similar percentages of professional adversities (such as attending patients with suicidal behavior or who died not by suicide under their care), and a higher number of women reported seeking specialized support to cope with these deaths (Fisher = 0.04). Men perceived greater discrimination (P = .01), worked more hours per day (P < .001) and were more verbally assaulted (P = .04), whereas women reported mental health problems more frequently (P < .001) particularly depression, anxiety, burnout and sleeping problems. Women also reported worse health status (P < .001) when compared with men. CONCLUSION: Family medicine specialists constitute a vulnerable group for mental health problems and perceived discrimination. Particular attention should be paid to how men and women cope with professional adversities to determine whether additional support is required. Interventions should encourage self-care and promote the well-being of health personnel.© Copyright by the American Board of Family Medicine.

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