• Bora Chae, Youn-Jung Kim, Sang Min Kim, Seok-In Hong, Yo Sep Shin, June-Sung Kim, Seung Mok Ryoo, and Won Young Kim.
• Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
• Am. J. Med. Sci. 2023 Apr 1; 365 (4): 361367361-367.

BackgroundVitamin D is an important immune modulator and is associated with susceptibility to infection. However, past studies have reported inconsistent results regarding the association between vitamin D deficiency and mortality in patients with sepsis, and early-stage data regarding septic shock are limited. This study aimed to determine the relationship between vitamin D deficiency on admission to the emergency department (ED) and mortality in patients with septic shock.MethodsWe analyzed prospectively collected data on adult patients with septic shock who were treated with protocol-driven resuscitation bundle therapy in the ED between September 2019 and February 2021. Septic shock was defined by the sepsis-3 definition and vitamin D deficiency was defined as a 25-hydroxyvitamin D <20 ng/ml. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality.ResultsA total of 302 patients were included, 236 (78.1%) patients had vitamin D deficiency; it was significantly higher in non-survivors than in survivors (89.3% vs. 73.9%, P = 0.004). Mortality was higher in vitamin D deficient patients than in non-deficient patients (31.8% vs. 13.6%, P = 0.004). In multivariate analysis, vitamin D deficiency (odds ratio [OR], 2.43; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.03-5.74), hyperlactatemia (OR, 3.65; 95 % CI, 1.95-6.83), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.09-1.36), and albumin levels (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.21-0.73) were significantly associated with 30-day mortality.ConclusionsVitamin D deficiency was prevalent in patients with septic shock visiting the ED and was associated with mortality.Copyright © 2022 Southern Society for Clinical Investigation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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