• Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Mar 2023

    Psychiatric Disorders and Type 2 Diabetes mellitus: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization.

    • Haoran Tao, Shujin Fan, Tianxin Zhu, Lili You, Dinghao Zheng, Li Yan, and Meng Ren.
    • Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
    • Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 2023 Mar 1; 53 (3): e13893e13893.

    BackgroundExtensive observational evidence put forward the association between psychiatric disorders and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, causal relationships between these two diseases required further research. Thus, we evaluated the bidirection casual effect between five psychiatric disorders and T2DM using two-sample mendelian randomization (MR).MethodsBy selecting single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with T2DM and five psychiatric disorders (attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia, anxiety disorder and panic disorder), a bidirectional two-sample MR was applied to evaluate causality between these diseases. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary analysing approach for estimating possible causal effects. MR-Egger and weighted median were also conducted to verify the results. The funnel plot, Cochran's Q test and MR-Egger intercept test were used for sensitivity analyses. In addition, potential mediators were investigated by risk factor analyses.ResultsGenetic susceptibilities of ADHD and MDD would increase the risk of T2DM (ADHD: OR = 1.14, 95%CI 1.08-1.20; p = 5.7 × 10 - 6 ; MDD: OR = 1.22, 95%CI 1.09-1.36; p = 0.0004 ). In addition, genetic predisposition to T2DM was also associated with ADHD (OR = 1.09, 95%CI 1.04-1.14; p = 0.0004). Several risk factors of T2DM were implicated in the above causal associations, including smoking, high body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio and elevated serum triglycerides.ConclusionOur studies indicated a causal effect of ADHD and MDD on increasing the risk of T2DM, which was potentially mediated by smoking and obesity-related phenotypes. Meanwhile, we found a causal effect of T2DM on ADHD. Thus, prevention strategies for T2DM should also include mental health and vice versa.© 2022 Stichting European Society for Clinical Investigation Journal Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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