• Hasmeena Kathuria.
• The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street R304, Boston, MA 02118, USA. Electronic address: hasmeena@bu.edu.
• Med. Clin. North Am. 2022 Nov 1; 106 (6): 108110921081-1092.

AbstractElectronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are battery-powered devices that use heat to aerosolize a liquid containing a variety of substances (usually nicotine and/or cannabinoids, flavorings, and glycerol or propylene glycol base) that is then inhaled. E-cigarettes are rapidly evolving over time, so the true health effects of e-cigarettes are difficult to study and remain largely unknown. We review the effects of e-cigarettes on nicotine addiction and on pulmonary disease including the effects of dual use and switching from combustible cigarettes to e-cigarettes. Studies show that e-cigarette use can increase the risk to nicotine dependence and combustible tobacco use. Studies show an association between e-cigarette use and pulmonary disease. Some studies suggest reduced harm from e-cigarette use compared with smoking, but this requires further study. Most adults who use e-cigarettes also smoke cigarettes; epidemiologic studies suggest that the combination of e-cigarettes and cigarettes is more harmful than using either product alone.Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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