• Mahtabalsadat Mirjalili, Farid Zand, Iman Karimzadeh, Mansoor Masjedi, Golnar Sabetian, Ehsan Mirzaei, and Afsaneh Vazin.
• Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Fars, Iran.
• J Crit Care. 2023 Feb 1; 73: 154170154170.

PurposeThis study was conducted to determine whether critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with sepsis and septic shock may benefit from extended infusion of ampicillin/sulbactam compared with those receiving intermittent infusion.Material And MethodsThis randomized assessor-blinded clinical trial was conducted in the ICUs of Nemazee and Shahid Rajaee hospital, Shiraz, Iran, from August 2019 to August 2021. The participants randomly received 9 g Ampicillin/Sulbactam every 8 h by either extended (infused over 4 h) or intermittent (infused over 30 min) intravenous infusion if their estimated glomerular filtration rate based on Cockrorft-Gault formula was higher than 60 ml/min.ResultsTotally, 136 patients were enrolled and allocated to the intervention and control groups, each with 68 patients. Clinical cure was significantly higher in the extended group (P = 0.039), but ICU and hospital length of stay did not differ between the groups (P = 0.87 and 0.83, respectively). The ICU (P = 0.031) and hospital (P = 0.037) mortality rates in the extended infusion group were significantly lower than those in the intermittent infusion group.ConclusionThese data should be replicated in larger clinical trials before providing any recommendation in favor of this method of administration in clinical practice.Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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