• World Neurosurg · Jan 2023

    A minimally invasive annulus fibrosus needle puncture model of intervertebral disc degeneration in rats.

    • Pengfei Zhu, Fanchen Kong, Xiexing Wu, Zhongchen Dong, Jiacheng Du, Yubo Mao, Hong Zhou, Yijie Liu, Haiqin Mao, Ye Gu, Huilin Yang, and Dechun Geng.
    • Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
    • World Neurosurg. 2023 Jan 1; 169: e1e8e1-e8.

    BackgroundThe needle puncture model in rats has been accepted as an ordinary model to induce intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). However, the model primarily penetrated the whole intervertebral disc, resulting in injury to the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). The intention of this research was to explore a minimally invasive approach through needle puncture of the AF percutaneously in rats.MethodsTwenty SD rats underwent puncture at Co8/9 via a 20 G percutaneous needle. The needle was slowly advanced perpendicular to the tail skin to penetrate the whole AF without damaging the NP limited by a hand-made sheath. The X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging T2 relaxation was evaluated at 1, 2, and 3 weeks to assess the disc height index and signal changes. Histological and immunohistochemical staining of the IVD were obtained under a light microscope.ResultsX-rays showed that the disc height had progressively narrowed to 49% of baseline 3 weeks after injury. magnetic resonance imaging evaluation demonstrated that the mean T2-weighted signal intensity at 3 weeks was 43% of that in the uninjured control group at the Co8/9 level. Histological staining demonstrated disorganized lamellae in the AF and decreased proteoglycan content and cellularity within the NP in the injured discs.ConclusionsThe present research demonstrates a reliable and convenient approach to induce an AF tear in rats through percutaneous needle puncture. This model reduces harm to the experimental animals significantly while imitating the progressive degeneration process. More importantly, the model confirmed that AF damage alone could lead to IVDD and provided a research method for AF degeneration in IVDD.Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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