• Tiantian Huo, Xintong Luo, Jingru Zhao, Tianjun Wang, and Jinghong Chen.
• Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Oct 28; 101 (43): e31063e31063.

RationaleAnti-LGI1 antibody encephalitis and anti-mGluR5 are both uncommon encephalitis, and we report the first case of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) with dual seropositive antibodies of leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) and mGluR5.Patient ConcernsWe present a case of AE with dual seropositive antibodies of LGI1 and mGluR5 in a 65-year-old woman who presented with sudden onset left faciobrachial dystonic seizures and unresponsive for 5 hours.DiagnosisThe patient was diagnosed with anti-LGI1 AE and anti-mGluR5 AE mainly based on the clinical symptoms and further test of the antibody in serum and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF).Interventions And OutcomesThe patient was treated with glucocorticoid intravenous drip. We also gave her the therapy of immunoglobulin (25 g q.d) for 5 days and anti-epileptic therapy. She had no more convulsions on the left side of the face and limbs. She did not complain of any uncomfort until July 18.LessonsEarly recognition of AE is crucial. Specific autoantibodies are associated with corresponding syndromes. Our patient was initially diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke. Therefore, we should conduct further study on the related symptoms of AE.Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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