• María Vega Colón, José M López González, Bárbara M Jiménez Gómez, Félix E Fernández Suárez, David Fernández Del Valle, Álvaro M Gasalla Cadórniga, Amadeo Toledo Presedo, José A Del Castro Madrazo, Francisco Álvarez Marcos, and Jandro Pico Veloso.
• Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesiology, Asturias University Central Hospital (HUCA), Oviedo, Spain - Mariavegacolon1992@hotmail.com.
• Minerva Anestesiol. 2023 Jul 1; 89 (7-8): 636642636-642.

BackgroundThe best regional anesthesia plan with the best clinical results for Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) has not been defined yet.MethodsProspective multicentric observational study of two non-randomized matched cohorts including patients undergoing elective unilateral CEA (N.=100) between January-October 2021. Main outcomes were cerebral oximetry measurements, verbal numeric pain score assessment, peripheral nerve blockades and in-hospital stay. The main objective is to compare results achieved after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) performed under loco-regional blockade (LRB) versus general anesthesia (GA), in terms of intraoperative hemodynamic and neurologic variability. Patients undergoing LRB were performed under ultrasound (US) guidance and mild sedation.ResultsThe LRB and GA groups showed no differences in comorbidities and risk factors. However, there was a significant difference in the intraoperative hemodynamic behavior due to the amount of vasoactive drugs used (0% vs. 16% for phenylephrine, P=0.006). The results showed neurological stability through the cerebral oximetry measurements during the procedure except for the left hemisphere de-clamp values, which were higher in the GA group (68.7±9.9 vs. 72.7±8.8; P=0.035). There were also significant differences in the verbal pain scale scores assessed 6 hours and 12 hours after the procedure; better pain control was evidenced in the LRB group (0[0-1] vs. 1[0-3], P=0.01; 1[0.5-2] vs. 0[0-2], P=0.01). An increased transient hypoglossal and laryngeal nerves blockade was observed in the LRB group (30% vs. 4%; P<0.001). The in-hospital length of stay was longer in the GA group (77.2±36.3 hours vs. 129.1±41.1 hours; P<0.001).ConclusionsAlthough the use of intermediate-deep cervical plexus blockade for CEA confers similar neurologic stability as GA does, there is a difference on the hemodynamic behaviour due to the differences in vasoactive drug consumption. Loco-regional techniques provide a better postoperative pain control and shorten in-hospital length of stay.

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