• Qiao Li, Shengsheng Liu, Xiaomeng Li, Ruifang Yang, Chen Liang, Jiajia Yu, Wenhong Lin, Yi Liu, Cong Yao, Yu Pang, Xiaowei Dai, Chuanyou Li, and Shenjie Tang.
• Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China.
• Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Nov 7; 58 (11).

AbstractBackground and Objective: This study was performed to investigate the association of peripheral T lymphocyte subsets with disseminated infection (DI) by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in HIV-negative patients. Methods and Materials: The study included 587 HIV-negative tuberculosis (TB) patients. Results: In TB patients with DI, the proportion of CD4+ T cells decreased, the proportion of CD8+ T cells increased, and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells decreased. According to univariate analysis, smoking, alcohol consumption, rifampicin-resistance, retreatment, and high sputum bacterial load were linked to lower likelihood of developing MTB dissemination. Multivariate analysis indicated that after adjustment for alcohol use, smoking, retreatment, smear, culture, rifampicin-resistance, and CD4+/CD8+, the proportion of CD8+ T cells (but not CD4+ T cells) was independently and positively associated with the prevalence of DI in HIV-negative pulmonary TB (PTB) patients. Conclusions: Examining T lymphocyte subsets is of great value for evaluating the immune function of HIV-negative TB patients, and an increase in the CD8+ T cell proportion may be a critical clue regarding the cause of DI in such patients.

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