• Tsunehisa Sato, Soichiro Mimuro, Tadayoshi Kurita, Mayumi Kobayashi, Matsuyuki Doi, Takasumi Katoh, and Yoshiki Nakajima.
• Department of Anesthesiology, Suzukake Central Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan.
• J Anesth. 2022 Dec 1; 36 (6): 688692688-692.

PurposeThis study was performed to examine and compare the incidence of extubation recall in surgical patients who underwent remimazolam anesthesia with flumazenil antagonism during emergence and in those who underwent propofol anesthesia.MethodsOne hundred sixty-three patients who underwent surgery using general endotracheal or supraglottic airway anesthesia with propofol (n = 97) or remimazolam (n = 66) were retrospectively analyzed. Remimazolam was antagonized by flumazenil after discontinuation of remimazolam at the end of surgery. The endotracheal tube or supraglottic airway was removed after surgery was complete, and consciousness and adequate spontaneous breathing were confirmed. The incidence of extubation recall was compared between the remimazolam and propofol anesthesia groups using propensity score matching.ResultsExtubation recall was observed in 28 patients (17%). After propensity score matching, the incidence of extubation recall did not significantly differ between the remimazolam and propofol anesthesia groups (15.6% vs. 18.8%; p = 1.000).ConclusionThe incidence of extubation recall after remimazolam anesthesia with flumazenil antagonism during emergence did not significantly differ from that after propofol anesthesia.© 2022. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Japanese Society of Anesthesiologists.

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