• Susana Arango, Benjamin Gorbaty, David Buyck, James Johnson, Samantha T Porter, Paul A Iaizzo, and Tjörvi E Perry.
• University of Minnesota, Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Minneapolis, MN; The Visible Heart Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Institute for Engineering in Medicine University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN. Electronic address: arang023@umn.edu.
• J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. 2023 Feb 1; 37 (2): 308313308-313.

AbstractThe clinical uses of perioperative transesophageal echocardiography have grown exponentially in recent years for both cardiac and noncardiac surgical patients. Yet, echocardiography is a complex skill that also requires an advanced understanding of human cardiac anatomy. Although simulation has changed the way echocardiography is taught, most available systems are still limited by investment costs, accessibility, and qualities of the input cardiac 3-dimensional models. In this report, the authors discuss the development of an online simulator using a high-resolution human heart scan that accurately represents real cardiac anatomies, and that should be accessible to a wide range of learners without space or time limitations.Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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