Cerebral cortex assembly: generating and reprogramming

Trends in neurosciences · Feb 2015

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Cerebral cortex assembly: generating and reprogramming projection neuron diversity.

The mammalian cerebral cortex is responsible for the highest levels of associative, cognitive and motor functions. In the central nervous system (CNS) the cortex stands as a prime example of extreme neuronal diversity, broadly classified into excitatory projection neurons (PNs) and inhibitory interneurons (INs). We review here recent progress made in understanding the strategies and mechanisms that shape PN diversity during embryogenesis, and discuss how PN classes may be maintained, postnatally, for the life of the organism. In addition, we consider the intriguing possibility that PNs may be amenable to directed reprogramming of their class-specific features to allow enhanced cortical plasticity in the adult.

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- Simona Lodato, Ashwin S Shetty, and Paola Arlotta.
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Trends Neurosci. 2015 Feb 1; 38 (2): 117-25.
AbstractThe mammalian cerebral cortex is responsible for the highest levels of associative, cognitive and motor functions. In the central nervous system (CNS) the cortex stands as a prime example of extreme neuronal diversity, broadly classified into excitatory projection neurons (PNs) and inhibitory interneurons (INs). We review here recent progress made in understanding the strategies and mechanisms that shape PN diversity during embryogenesis, and discuss how PN classes may be maintained, postnatally, for the life of the organism. In addition, we consider the intriguing possibility that PNs may be amenable to directed reprogramming of their class-specific features to allow enhanced cortical plasticity in the adult. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Cerebral cortex assembly: generating and reprogramming projection neuron diversity.

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