• Deniz Karakaya, Tülin Güngör, Evrim Kargın Cakıcı, Fatma Yazılıtaş, Evra Celikkaya, and Mehmet Bulbul.
• Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
• Postgrad Med. 2023 Mar 1; 135 (2): 155160155-160.

AimThe most serious form of urinary tract infection (UTI) is acute pyelonephritis (APN), which can result in bacteremia and renal scarring. This study aims to show the roles that the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and the immature granulocyte (IG) percentage play in predicting APN in pediatric patients by comparing them with traditional infection markers. By illustrating a significant relationship between APN, the IG percentage, and the SII, the study's contributions to the differential diagnosis of UTI can promote a rapid and appropriate treatment of APN.Material And MethodsThe present study included 522 pediatric patients. The patients were divided into two groups: (I) an APN group (n = 236) and (II) a lower UTI group (n = 286).ResultsThe mean age of the sample was 5.05 ± 4.7 years. According to the most appropriate cutoff values, the findings showed that among all the parameters, C-reactive protein (CRP) and the IG percentage had the highest sensitivities, specificities, and predictive values for predicting APN.ConclusionThis study emphasizes the support features of the IG percentage and the SII in the diagnosis of APN in pediatric patients, a topic that has recently attracted attention. The findings indicated that among all of the parameters behind CRP, the IG percentage and the SII had the highest sensitivities, specificities, and predictive values for forecasting APN. It is worth noting that these methods can be applied without additional costs or burdens to the patient.

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