• Arnaud de la Blanchardière, Dominique Depieds, and François Gueyffier.
• Service des maladies infectieuses, CHU Côte de Nacre, Caen (14). delablanchardiere-a@chu-caen.fr
• Presse Med. 2006 Oct 1; 35 (10 Pt 1): 144714521447-52.

ObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness at 1 year of a hospital clinic providing individual management of persons seeking to stop smoking and the factors predictive of failure.MethodsThis prospective descriptive study included smokers seeking assistance at this hospital clinic over a 1-year period. This analysis excludes persons with schizophrenia and those who came only to a first consultation. Treatment methods were those recommended by the 1998 consensus conference: nicotine substitutes or slow-release bupropion, depending on the level of nicotine dependence, cognitive-behavioral therapy appropriate for smoking in all cases, and the prescription before cessation of a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) for patients with anxiety or depressive disorders. Assessment was based on patients' self-report at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year.ResultsOf 99 smokers who came for at least one consultation, 38 were excluded and 61 were considered in the analysis. At one year, 18 patients (29.5%) were still not smoking. Of the 43 patients who resumed smoking, 27 (63%) did so during the first three months after cessation. According to the multivariate analysis, only female sex (p = 0.0173) and early end to follow-up (p = 0.0023) were significantly associated with the risk of relapse at 1 year.ConclusionThe study confirmed the usefulness of specialized medical support over a one-year period and highlighted the difficulties of smoking cessation for women, who appear to need a new not yet invented approach. The other standard factors predictive of failure were not observed, possibly because of either the broad prescription of SSRIs in cases of anxiety- or depression-related comorbidity or the statistical limitations associated with the population size.

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