• J Formos Med Assoc · Aug 2023

    Evolution of neutralizing antibodies and cross-activity against different variants of SARS-CoV-2 in patients recovering from COVID-19.

    • Wang-Da Liu, Jann-Tay Wang, Tai-Ling Chao, Si-Man Ieong, Ya-Min Tsai, Po-Hsien Kuo, Ming-Jui Tsai, Yi-Jie Chen, Guei-Chi Li, Shu-Yuan Ho, Hui-Hou Chen, Yu-Shan Huang, Chien-Ching Hung, Yee-Chun Chen, Sui-Yuan Chang, and Shan-Chwen Chang.
    • Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: b95401043@ntu.edu.tw.
    • J Formos Med Assoc. 2023 Aug 1; 122 (8): 714722714-722.

    BackgroundPatients recovering from COVID-19 may need vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 because acquired immunity from primary infection may wane, given the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants. Understanding the trends of anti-spike IgG and neutralizing antibody titers in patients recovering from COVID-19 may inform the decision made on the appropriate interval between recovery and vaccination.MethodsParticipants aged 20 years or older and diagnosed with COVID-19 between January and December, 2020 were enrolled. Serum specimens were collected every three months from 10 days to 12 months after the onset of symptom for determinations of anti-spike IgG and neutralizing antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain with D614G mutation, alpha, gamma and delta variants.ResultsOf 19 participants, we found a decreasing trend of geometric mean titers of anti-spike IgG from 560.9 to 217 and 92 BAU/mL after a 4-month and a 7-month follow-up, respectively. The anti-spike IgG titers declined more quickly in the ten participants with severe or critical disease than the nine participants with only mild to moderate disease between one month and seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection (-8.49 vs - 2.34-fold, p < 0.001). The neutralizing activity of the convalescent serum specimens collected from participants recovering from wild-type SARS-CoV-2 infection against different variants was lower, especially against the delta variants (p < 0.01 for each variant with Wuhan strain as reference).ConclusionAcquired immunity from primary infection with SARS-CoV-2 waned within 4-7 months in COVID-19 patients, and neutralizing cross-activities against different SARS-CoV-2 variants were lower compared with those against wild-type strain.Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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