• Stephanie Opusunju Ibekwe, Samhati Mondal, and Abimbola O Faloye.
• Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
• Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2023 Feb 1; 36 (1): 9610296-102.

Purpose Of ReviewThis review aims to summarize the current literature on pulmonary prehabilitation programs, their effects on postoperative pulmonary complications, and the financial implications of implementing these programs. Additionally, this review has discussed the current trends in pulmonary prehabilitation programs, techniques for improving rates of perioperative smoking cessation, and the optimal timing of these interventions.Recent FindingsPrehabilitation is a series of personalized multimodal interventions tailored to individual needs, including lifestyle and behavioral measures. Pulmonary prehabilitation has shown to reduce postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs).SummaryThe implications of clinical practice and research findings regarding PPCs are an increased burden of postoperative complications and financial cost to both patients and hospital systems. There is convincing evidence that pulmonary prehabilitation based on endurance training should be started 8-12 weeks prior to major surgery; however, similar rates of improved postoperative outcomes are observed with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) for 1-2 weeks. This shorter interval of prehabilitation may be more appropriate for patients awaiting thoracic surgery, especially for cancer resection. Additionally, costs associated with creating and maintaining a prehabilitation program are mitigated by shortened lengths of stay and reduced PPCs. Please see Video Abstract, http://links.lww.com/COAN/A90.Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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