• Jessica H Williams, Gabriel S Tajeu, Irena Stepanikova, Lucia D Juarez, April A Agne, Jeff Stone, and Andrea L Cherrington.
• Department of Health Services Administration, School of Health Professions. University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. Electronic address: jhwilliams@uab.edu.
• J Natl Med Assoc. 2023 Feb 1; 115 (1): 818981-89.

IntroductionPrevious literature has explored patient perceptions of discrimination by race and insurance status, but little is known about whether the payer mix of the primary care clinic (i.e., that is majority public insurance vs. majority private insurance clinics) influences patient perceptions of race- or insurance-based discrimination.MethodsBetween 2015-2017, we assessed patient satisfaction and perceived race- and insurance-based discrimination using a brief, anonymous post-clinic visit survey.ResultsParticipants included 3,721 patients from seven primary care clinics-three public clinics and four private clinics. Results from unadjusted logistic regression models suggest higher overall reports of race- and insurance-based discrimination in public clinics compared with private clinics. In mulvariate analyses, increasing age, Black race, lower education and Medicaid insurance were associated with higher odds of reporting race- and insurance-based discrimination in both public and private settings.ConclusionReports of race and insurance discrimination are higher in public clinics than private clinics. Sociodemographic variables, such as age, Black race, education level, and type of insurance also influence reports of race- and insurance-based discrimination in primary care.Copyright © 2022 National Medical Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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