• Victor Gabriel El-Hajj, Maria Gharios, Erik Edström, and Adrian Elmi-Terander.
• Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: victor.gabriel.elhajj@stud.ki.se.
• World Neurosurg. 2023 Mar 1; 171: 152158.e4152-158.e4.

BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to augment clinicians' diagnostic and decision-making capabilities. It is well suited to identify patterns and correlations within data sets and may be applied to identify elements of importance in complex and data-laden areas such as patient selection, diagnostics, treatment, and outcome prediction. The development of modern neurosurgery has been dependent on major technological advances. In line with this, a growing interest is seen in the use of AI to assist in neurosurgical research and enhance neurosurgical practices.MethodsA bibliometric analysis of the 50 most-cited articles alluding to the use of AI in neurosurgery, from inception until July of 2022, was undertaken using the Web of Science database. Statistical analyses were performed on R.ResultsThe citation count ranged from 29 to 159 (mean: 51.9, standard deviation: 24.8), and the top-cited article was a 2018 systematic review published in World Neurosurgery. Most articles were published after 2015 (85%). The United States was the largest contributing country on the list with 22 articles. Four first and last authors, each, had 2 or more publications. Female first and last authorship was attributed to 18% and 0% of the articles, respectively.ConclusionsThis review highlights the most-impactful articles pertaining to AI in the field of neurosurgery. Although female authors were significantly underrepresented on the list, their work was at least as impactful as their male peers. Finally, the striking dominance of articles originating from the developed world raises concerns as to the future of AI in attending to the global health crisis.Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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