• Zhibin Lan, Jiangbo Yan, Yang Yang, Qu Xu, and Qunhua Jin.
• Ningxia Medical University, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China; Orthopedics Ward 3, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
• World Neurosurg. 2023 Mar 1; 171: 9410294-102.

ObjectiveThis study was conducted to review the main classifications and to present author's recommendations.MethodsReview of English language medical literature.ResultsIn recent decades, classification systems of lumbar spondylolisthesis have been proposed based on many factors, from essential causes to combinations of imaging features and clinical manifestations; the latter type of system is more clinically practical. We have systematically listed the main types of classification systems in chronological order to make it easier for clinicians to find the type of diagnosis and treatment suitable for their patients and develop an appropriate treatment plan.ConclusionsClassification systems for lumbar spondylolisthesis have been proposed that have been based on the study of the essential causes or the combination of imaging features and clinical manifestations; the latter type of system is more clinically practical. We still have much work to do in exploring a more applicable classification of lumbar spondylolisthesis.Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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