• Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd · Jan 2012

    Case Reports

    [Torticollis and seizures due to neuroborreliosis in a child].

    • Mèlanie S M van Breemen, Martijn van der Kuip, C Wim Ang, A Marceline van Furth, and Nicole I Wolf.
    • VU Medisch Centrum Amsterdam, Afd. Kinderneurologie, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. mvanbreemen@casema.nl
    • Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2012 Jan 1;156(51):A5157.

    BackgroundIn children, neuroborreliosis often manifests itself as cranial neuritis (particularly facial palsy) or aseptic meningitis. Presentation with torticollis and simple partial seizures resulting from diffuse leptomeningeal inflammation is rare.Case DescriptionA seven-year-old boy who had developed torticollis and partial seizures, lost weight and was complaining of tiredness was seen by a paediatric neurologist. A brain and spinal cord MRI showed diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement, in combination with a hyperintense cervical cord lesion. Laboratory testing of serum and cerebrospinal fluid confirmed the diagnosis of neuroborreliosis. The boy was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone for 30 days and made a full recovery.ConclusionAs illustrated by this case neuroborreliosis can manifest itself atypically with torticollis, seizures and diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement due to inflammation. If there is leptomeningeal enhancement on MRI then neuroborreliosis should be included in the differential diagnosis. In childhood neuroborreliosis can be successfully treated and the prognosis is good.

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