• Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) · Jan 2023

    Ultra-processed foods and the nutritional quality of the diet of Brazilian pregnant women.

    • Karina da Rocha Mariano, AndradeGiovanna CalixtoGC0000-0002-1901-3093Universidade de São Paulo, Nucleus of Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health - São Paulo (SP), Brazil., Maria Laura Costa Louzada, Mary Uchiyama Nakamura, Edward Araujo Júnior, and Eduardo Souza.
    • Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Paulista School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics - São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
    • Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2023 Jan 1; 69 (1): 169174169-174.

    ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the consumption of ultra-processed foods by Brazilian pregnant women and its association with the nutritional quality of the diet.MethodsThis is a prospective and cross-sectional study with food consumption data of Brazilian pregnant women from the 2017 to 2018 Family Budgets Survey (Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares). Food consumption was measured using two 24-h food recalls, and the foods were categorized according to the NOVA classification. The averages of absolute and relative energy consumption for each of the NOVA groups and subgroups were estimated. The sociodemographic characteristics described the diet's caloric contribution of ultra-processed and non-ultra-processed food fractions. Linear regression models were used to describe the association between quintiles of the caloric contribution of ultra-processed foods and the average content of nutrients in the diet.ResultsConsumption of ultra-processed foods represented 20.9% of the total calories in the diet of Brazilian pregnant women. There was a higher energy contribution of ultra-processed foods in the diet of pregnant women living in urban areas (22%), with higher per capita income (23.7%), and in the south region of the country (26.9%). In addition, the data showed an association between higher consumption of ultra-processed foods with reduced intake of protein, carbohydrate, fiber, potassium, iron, zinc, and folate and increased intake of total fat, saturated fat, trans fat, and free sugar.ConclusionResults show that higher consumption of ultra-processed foods is associated with a reduction in the nutritional quality of the diet of Brazilian pregnant women.

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