• Bharath A Chhabria, Kuruswamy Thurai Prasad, Sahajal Dhooria, Valliappan Muthu, Ashutosh Nath Aggarwal, Ritesh Agarwal, Raghava Rao Gandra, and Inderpaul Singh Sehgal.
• Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
• J Crit Care. 2023 Jun 1; 75: 154250154250.

PurposeNo study has compared neurally adjusted ventilator assist (NAVA) with adaptive support ventilation (ASV) during non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in subjects with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).Materials And MethodsIn this randomized controlled trial, we compared NAVA-NIV with ASV-NIV for delivering NIV in consecutive subjects with AECOPD. The primary outcome was NIV failure rate (invasive mechanical ventilation). The key secondary outcomes were number of NIV manipulations, asynchrony index, and 90-day mortality.ResultsWe enrolled 76 subjects (NAVA-NIV, n = 36, ASV-NIV, n = 40; 74% males) with a mean ± SD age of 61.4 ± 8.2 years. We found no difference in NIV failure rates between the two arms (NAVA-NIV vs. ASV-NIV; 8/36 [22.2%] vs. 8/40 [20%]; p = 0.83). The median physician manipulations for NIV were significantly less in the ASV-NIV arm than in the NAVA-NIV arm (2 [0.8-4] vs. 3 [2-5]; p= 0.014) during the initial 24-h. We found no difference in median asynchrony index (NAVA-NIV vs. ASV-NIV, 16.6% vs. 16.4%, p = 0.5) and 90-day mortality (22.2% vs. 17.5%, p = 0.67).ConclusionThe use of NAVA-NIV was not superior to ASV-NIV in reducing NIV failure rates in AECOPD. Both NAVA-NIV and ASV-NIV had similar asynchrony index and 90-day mortality.Trial Registrywww.Clinicaltrialsgov (NCT04414891).Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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