• Syed Tirmazy, Muhammad Farooq Latif, Goran Nadir Salih, Badr Ahmed, and Wafa Talib Erabia.
• Dubai Hospital, Dubai Academic Health Cooperation, Dubai, UAE syedtirmazy@gmail.com.
• Clin Med (Lond). 2023 Jan 1; 23 (1): 788078-80.

AbstractBenign metastasising leiomyomatosis (BML) is a rare disease, predominantly seen in premenopausal women. It poses a diagnostic dilemma and can be misdiagnosed as malignancy. Here we present a case of 41-year-old woman with a previous history of hysterectomy 10 years ago for multiple fibroids. She presented with shortness of breath and chest discomfort. Chest X-ray showed pulmonary infiltrates. She was diagnosed with sarcoidosis and treated with steroids without any improvement. Further investigations including CT scan and bronchoscopy and lavage failed to confirm a diagnosis. Subsequently she underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and histopathology revealed leiomyomatosis (so-called leiomyomatous hamartomas/benign metastasising leiomyomatosis). Oestrogen and progesterone receptors showed diffuse and strong nuclear staining. The patient was commenced on tamoxifen and a repeat chest X-ray in 8 weeks showed significant improvement. In women of reproductive age with previous hysterectomy and multiple lung nodules on imaging, the diagnosis of BML should be taken into consideration.© Royal College of Physicians 2023. All rights reserved.

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