• Zerubabbel K Asfaw, Ernest J Barthélemy, Abenezer Tirsit, Serena Zhan, Abel Gizaw, Theodore Hannah, Mestet Yibeltal, Tsegazeab Laeke, and Isabelle M Germano.
• Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
• Neurosurgery. 2023 Jul 1; 93 (1): 137143137-143.

BackgroundNeurosurgery is a rapidly developing specialty in Ethiopia. Previous global neurosurgery studies have highlighted the need for synchronizing workforce increase with improving quality, access, and capacity to provide neurosurgical care.ObjectiveTo evaluate Ethiopia's neurosurgical system and highlight the critical interventions required for the sustained development of Ethiopian neurosurgery as part of a high-quality health system (HQHS).MethodsA comprehensive survey was sent to all practicing neurosurgeons. Public databases on Ethiopian census reports and current road infrastructure were used for spatial analysis of neurosurgical access.ResultsThe survey response rate was 90% (45/50). Most respondents were men (95.6%), aged 30 to 40 years (82%), who worked at national referral hospitals (71%). The reported annual caseload per practicing neurosurgeon was >150 cases for 40% of urban and 20% of rural neurosurgeons. Head and spine neurotrauma and tumors were the most common neurosurgical indications. Computed tomography scanner was the most widely available diagnostic equipment (62%). 76% of respondents indicated the presence of postoperative rehabilitation care at their institutions. Thirteen percent and 27% of the nation lived within a 2-hour and 4-hour driving distance from a neurosurgical center, respectively.ConclusionThe results highlight the need for vital improvements in neurosurgical capacity to sustain progress toward HQHS. Promoting sustained development in all components of HQHS can be achieved by diversifying the workforce and training residency candidates committed to practicing in underserved regions. Additional strategies might include establishing a national registry for neurosurgical data and implementing policy changes conducive to improving perihospital care and other health system components.Copyright © Congress of Neurological Surgeons 2023. All rights reserved.

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