• Álvaro Henrique de Almeida Delgado, João Paulo Rodrigues Almeida, Larissa Souza Borowski Mendes, Isabella Noceli de Oliveira, Oscarina da Silva Ezequiel, LucchettiAlessandra Lamas GraneroALG0000-0002-1096-1038MD, PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora (MG), Brazil., and Giancarlo Lucchetti.
• MD. Physician and Research Collaborator in the Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora (MG), Brazil.
• Sao Paulo Med J. 2018 Sep 1; 136 (5): 414420414-420.

BackgroundDifferent approaches to learning can exert considerable influence on the teaching-learning process in medical education. This study aimed to investigate the association of surface and deep learning with study patterns, preferred type of assessment, practices of cheating and quality of sleep among medical students.Design And SettingCross-sectional study on medical students enrolled in all six years of a medical school in Juiz de Fora, Brazil.MethodsQuestionnaires were applied to evaluate learning approaches (R-SPQ-2F), study patterns, sources and choices, and quality of sleep. Students' learning approaches (deep or surface) were assessed in relation to their study patterns, study resources, quality of sleep and whether they cheated in tests.ResultsAmong the 710 students included, 43% frequently studied on the night before an exam, 65% had used psychostimulants to study and more than 46% had cheated in an exam. Regarding quality of sleep, most students (53.4%) reported that their quality of sleep was poor, such that 45.3% slept for fewer than five hours before an exam. Those who studied just prior to an exam, used class summaries, preferred multiple-choice questions and cheated during the test had a more surface-learning approach. On the other hand, those who read books, preferred practical exams and slept better had a deeper approach.ConclusionThe type of learning approach was associated with study patterns and choices among medical students. Educators need to be attentive to the type of learning their students use and think of measures that impact teaching and assessment methods.

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