• Wojciech Figiel, Grzegorz Niewiński, Michał Grąt, Marek Krawczyk, Jan Stypułkowski, Zbigniew Lewandowski, Maciej Krasnodębski, Waldemar Patkowski, and Krzysztof Zieniewicz.
• Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
• Bmc Med. 2023 Feb 13; 21 (1): 5151.

BackgroundDespite inconsistent evidence, international guidelines underline the importance of perioperative hyperoxygenation in prevention of postoperative infections. Further, data on safety and efficacy of this method in liver transplant setting are lacking. The aim was to evaluate efficacy and safety of postoperative hyperoxygenation in prophylaxis of infections after liver transplantation.MethodsIn this randomized controlled trial, patients undergoing liver transplantation were randomly assigned to either 28% or 80% fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) for 6 postoperative hours. Infections occurring during 30-day post-transplant period were the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcome measures included 90-day mortality, 90-day severe morbidity, 30-day pulmonary complications, durations of hospital and intensive care unit stay, and 5-day postoperative bilirubin concentration, alanine and aspartate transaminase activity, and international normalized ratio (INR) (clinicatrials.gov NCT02857855).ResultsA total of 193 patients were included and randomized to 28% (n = 99) and 80% (n = 94) FiO2. With similar patient, operative, and donor characteristics in both groups, infections occurred in 34.0% (32/94) of patients assigned to 80% FiO2 as compared to 23.2% (23/99) of patients assigned to 28% FiO2 (p = 0.112). Patients randomized to 80% FiO2 more frequently developed severe complications (p = 0.035), stayed longer in the intensive care unit (p = 0.033), and had higher bilirubin concentration over first 5 post-transplant days (p = 0.043). No significant differences were found regarding mortality, duration of hospital stay, pulmonary complications, and 5-day aspartate and alanine transaminase activity and INR.ConclusionsPostoperative hyperoxygenation should not be used for prophylaxis of infections after liver transplantation due to the lack of efficacy.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02857855. Registered 7 July 2016.© 2023. The Author(s).

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