• Vikash Jaiswal, Nitya Batra, Mehak Dagar, Swatika Butey, Helen Huang, Jia Ee Chia, Sidra Naz, Evbayekha O Endurance, Nishchita Raj, Srushti Patel, Dipansha Maroo, Song Peng Ang, Muhammed Hanif, Dattatreya Mukherjee, Zouina Sarfraz, Abhigan Babu Shrestha, and David Song.
• Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, FL.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Feb 10; 102 (6): e32775e32775.

BackgroundThere is limited and conflicting data available regarding the cardiovascular disease outcomes associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).ObjectiveWe aim to perform a systematic review to evaluate the cardiovascular outcomes and mortality associated with IBD patients.MethodsA systematic literature search has been performed on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus from inception till May 2022 without any language restrictions.ResultsA total of 2,029,941 patients were included in the analysis from 16 studies. The mean age of the patients was 45.6 years. More females were found compared with males (57% vs 43%). The most common risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) included smoking (24.19%) and alcohol (4.60%). The most common comorbidities includes hypertension (30%), diabetes mellitus (14.41%), dyslipidemia (18.42%), previous CVD (22%), and renal disease (10%). Among outcomes, all-cause mortality among IBD patients was 1.66%; ulcerative colitis (UC): 15.92%; and Crohn disease (CD): 0.30%. Myocardial Infarction (MI) among IBD patients were 1.47%, UC: 30.96%; and CD: 34.14%. CVD events among IBD patients were 1.95%. Heart failure events among IBD patients were 5.49%, stroke events among IBD patients were 0.95%, UC: 2.63%, and CD: 2.41%, respectively.ConclusionIBD patients are at higher risk for adverse cardiovascular outcomes, especially in women. Although there remains a lack of concrete treatment algorithms and assessment parameters that better characterize IBD risk factors, nutritional modifications and physical activity should be at the forefront of CVD prevention in IBD.Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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