• Xiu-Cong Ren, Wei Liu, Li-Rong Hu, and Min Mao.
• Department of Gynecology, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Mar 3; 102 (9): e33159e33159.

IntroductionUterine mesothelial cysts represent a diagnostic challenge because of their low incidence, with very few cases reported in the English literature.Patient ConcernsWe report the case of a 27-year-old nullipara woman complaining of self-discovery of a mass in the abdomen for 1 week. Supersonic examination revealed a pelvic cystic lesion measuring 8.9 × 8.2 cm. The patient underwent exploratory single-port laparoscopic surgery and had a large uterine cystic mass located within the posterior wall of the uterus.DiagnosisAfter excision of the uterine cyst, the final histopathological diagnosis was uterine mesothelial cyst.InterventionsWe treated her with a single-port laparoscopic uterine cystectomy.OutcomesClose follow-up of the case for 2 years showed that the patient was free of any symptoms, and no recurrence was noted.LessonsUterine mesothelial cysts are extremely rare. They are often misdiagnosed by clinicians as extrauterine masses or cystic degeneration of leiomyomas. This report aims to share a rare case of uterine mesothelial cyst and improve gynecologists' academic vision of the disease.Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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