• J Gen Intern Med · Mar 2023

    New Frontiers in Diabetes Care: Quality Improvement Study of a Population Health Team in Rural Critical Access Hospitals.

    • Jacob P Tanumihardjo, Shari Kuther, Wen Wan, Kathryn E Gunter, Kelly McGrath, Yolanda O'Neal, Cody Wilkinson, Mengqi Zhu, Christine Packer, Vicki Petersen, and Marshall H Chin.
    • Section of General Internal Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. jtanumihardjo@uchicago.edu.
    • J Gen Intern Med. 2023 Mar 1; 38 (Suppl 1): 566456-64.

    BackgroundRural populations are older, have higher diabetes prevalence, and have less improvement in diabetes-related mortality rates compared to urban counterparts. Rural communities have limited access to diabetes education and social support services.ObjectiveDetermine if an innovative population health program that integrates medical and social care models improves clinical outcomes for patients with type 2 diabetes in a resource-constrained, frontier area.Design/ParticipantsQuality improvement cohort study of 1764 patients with diabetes (September 2017-December 2021) at St. Mary's Health and Clearwater Valley Health (SMHCVH), an integrated health care delivery system in frontier Idaho. The United States Department of Agriculture's Office of Rural Health defines frontier as sparsely populated areas that are geographically isolated from population centers and services.InterventionSMHCVH integrated medical and social care through a population health team (PHT), where staff assess medical, behavioral, and social needs with annual health risk assessments and provide core interventions including diabetes self-management education, chronic care management, integrated behavioral health, medical nutritional therapy, and community health worker navigation. We categorized patients with diabetes into three groups: patients with two or more PHT encounters during the study (PHT intervention), one PHT encounter (minimal PHT), and no PHT encounters (no PHT).Main MeasuresHbA1c, blood pressure, and LDL over time for each study group.Key ResultsOf the 1764 patients with diabetes, mean age was 68.3 years, 57% were male, 98% were white, 33% had three or more chronic conditions, and 9% had at least one unmet social need. PHT intervention patients had more chronic conditions and higher medical complexity. Mean HbA1c of PHT intervention patients significantly decreased from baseline to 12 months (7.9 to 7.6%, p < 0.01) and sustained reductions at 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, and 36 months. Minimal PHT patients decreased HbA1c from baseline to 12 months (7.7 to 7.3%, p < 0.05).ConclusionThe SMHCVH PHT model was associated with improved hemoglobin A1c among less well-controlled patients with diabetes.© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Society of General Internal Medicine.

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