• Yiwei Zhao, You Du, Yang Yang, Guanfeng Lin, Jianxiong Shen, Nan Wu, Qianyu Zhuang, Shengru Wang, and Jianguo Zhang.
• Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China.
• Neurosurgery. 2023 Aug 1; 93 (2): 436444436-444.

BackgroundCombination of apical control convex pedicle screws (ACPS) with traditional dual growing rods (TDGRs) had better apex control ability for early-onset scoliosis (EOS); however, there is a paucity of studies on the ACPS technique.ObjectiveTo compare 3-dimensional deformity correction parameters and complications between the apical control technique (DGR + ACPS) and TDGR in the treatment of EOS.MethodsA retrospective case-match analysis consisting of 12 cases of EOS treated with the DGR + ACPS technique (group A) from 2010 to 2020, and matched with TDGR case (group B) at a ratio of 1:1 by age, sex, curve type, major curve degree, and apical vertebral translation (AVT). Clinical assessment and radiological parameters were measured and compared.ResultsDemographic characteristics, preoperative main curve, and AVT were comparable between groups. The correction ability of the main curve, AVT, and apex vertebral rotation were better in group A at index surgery ( P < .05). The increase in T1-S1 and T1-T12 height was large in group A at index surgery ( P = .011, P = .074). The annual increase in spinal height was slower in group A, but without significant difference. The surgical time and estimated blood loss were comparable. Six complications occurred in group A, and 10 occurred in group B.ConclusionIn this preliminary study, ACPS seems to provide better correction of apex deformity, while attaining the comparable spinal height at 2-year follow-up. Larger cases and longer follow-up are needed to achieve reproducible and optimal results.Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons.

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