• Injury · Feb 2023

    Enhanced sciatic nerve regeneration with fibrin scaffold containing human endometrial stem cells and insulin encapsulated chitosan particles: An in vivo study.

    • Zahra Taherian Mobarakeh, Elham Hasanzadeh, Ali Farzin, Arash Goodarzi, Morteza Sagharjoghi Farahani, Sadegh Shirian, Narges Mahmoodi, Narges Zamani, Anita Karimi, and Jafar Ai.
    • Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
    • Injury. 2023 Feb 26.

    BackgroundBased on recent advances in tissue engineering and stem cell therapy in nervous system diseases treatments, this study aimed to investigate sciatic nerve regeneration using human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) encapsulated fibrin gel containing chitosan nanoparticle loaded by insulin (Ins-CPs). Stem cells and also Insulin (Ins), which is a strong signaling molecule in peripheral nerve regeneration, play an important role in neural tissue engineering.MethodsThe fibrin hydrogel scaffold containing insulin loaded chitosan particles was synthesized and characterized. Release profiles of insulin from hydrogel was determined through UV-visible spectroscopy. Also, human endometrial stem cells encapsulated in hydrogel and its cell biocompatibility were assigned. Furthermore, the sciatic nerve crush injury was carried out and prepared fibrin gel was injected at the crush injury site by an 18-gage needle. Eight and twelve weeks later, the recovery of motor and sensory function and histopathological evaluation were assessed.ResultsThe in vitro experiments showed that the insulin can promote hEnSCs proliferation within a certain concentration range. Animals' treatment confirmed that developed fibrin gel containing Ins-CPs and hEnSCs significantly improves motor function and sensory recovery. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) images provided from cross-sectional and, longitudinal-sections of the harvested regenerative nerve showed that regenerative nerve fibers had been formed and accompanied with new blood vessels in the fibrin/insulin/hEnSCs group.ConclusionOur results demonstrated that the prepared hydrogel scaffolds containing insulin nanoparticles and hEnSCs could be considered as a potential biomaterial aimed at regeneration of sciatic nerves.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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