• Edmundo Gónima Valero, Acosta AcostaClaudia Del PilarCDP0000-0001-5004-4755Universidad del Rosario - Fundación Cardio Infantil, Hospital Militar Central, Bogotá, Colombia., Wilson Vargas Useche, Laura Orozco Sandoval, Daniela Seija-Butnaru, Juan C Sánchez-Flórez, Ricardo Linares Escobar, and Sebastian Amaya.
• Pain Management and Palliative Care Medicine Specialist, Chief of the Pain and Palliative Care Department, Hospital Militar Central, Bogotá, Colombia.
• J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother. 2023 Jun 1; 37 (2): 194208194-208.

ObjectivePainful Phantom Limb Syndrome (PPLS) occurs in 50 to 80% of patients undergoing amputation, having a great impact on quality of life, productivity and psychosocial sphere. The objective of this review is to summarize the pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies, surgical optimization, and provide a multidisciplinary approach aimed at reducing the incidence of chronic pain associated with PPLS in patients undergoing limb amputation.MethodsA narrative review was carried out using Medline, Pubmed, Proquest, LILACS and Cochrane, searching for articles between 2000 and 2021. Articles describing the epidemiology, pathophysiological considerations, and current treatments were selected after a screening process.ResultsA multidisciplinary and multimodal approach is required in PPLS, and should include the use of regional techniques, and adjuvants such as NSAIDs, ketamine, lidocaine and gabapentinoids. In addition, an evaluation and continuous management of risk factors for chronic pain in conjunction with the surgical team is necessary.ConclusionThe current literature does not support that a single technique is effective inthe prevention of PPLS. However, adequate acute pain control, rehabilitation and early restoration of the body scheme under a multidisciplinary and multimodal approach have shown benefit in the acute setting.

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