• Melanie Kapapa, Daniela Weber, and Alexandre Serra.
• Division of Paediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Ulm, Eythstrasse 24, 89075 Ulm, Germany. Electronic address: melanie.kapapa@uniklinik-ulm.de.
• J Formos Med Assoc. 2023 Sep 1; 122 (9): 932939932-939.

BackgroundAn Oesophageal atresia (OA) affects almost 1 in 3500 newborn and its aetiology for development between 4th to 6th pregnancy weeks had not yet been clarified.MethodsThis retrospective, observational control group-supported (n = 30) examination was performed with OA mothers (n = 20) who were interrogated via specialized questionnaires and interviews to evaluate data on medical pregnancy history including hormonal treatment, changing of life habits (nutrition, diet, medication), drug consumption (alcohol, smoking, illicit drugs) as well as exposure to nuclear waste or poisonous substance exposition. Aim was to assess risk factors during pregnancy and in particular in the first trimester.ResultsThe body mass index (BMI) prior pregnancy of OA mothers was significant lower (p = 0.022) and the number of mothers with obesity (BMI>30) did not differ to control group mothers (p = 0.081). They had additionally more pre-existing illnesses (p = 0.009) and allergies (p = 0.001). Control group mothers changed dietary habits with higher meat (p = 0.032) and caffeine intake (p = 0.012) compared to OA mothers, which had higher rates of abnormalities during pregnancy (p < 0.001) and 38.7% of them suffered of ≥1 abortion in the past. The ethnical background of OA mothers was more often German (p < 0.033), while OA fathers had a lower socioeconomic status (p = 0.039).ConclusionMaternal factors like previous abortions, obesity and immunological predispositions like existence of allergies combined with increased daily dairy consumption influenced obviously the occurrence of OA.Copyright © 2023 Formosan Medical Association. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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