• Xin Chai, Jiawen Xu, Ying Yao, Jun-Song Yang, Hui Xu, Peng Zou, Tuan-Jiang Liu, Lei Chu, Ding-Jun Hao, and Yuan-Ting Zhao.
• Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
• Pain Physician. 2023 Mar 1; 26 (2): 175185175-185.

BackgroundStudies have found that the rate of improvement in pain after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) is 49% to 90%, and there are still some patients who may continue to sustain intractable back pain after surgery.ObjectivesTo compare the clinical efficacy and imaging results between unilateral PKP performed from the symptom-dominating side and the non-dominating side in OVCF treatment.Study DesignProspective study.SettingAll data were from Honghui Hospital in Xi'an.MethodsOne hundred forty-two patients of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) treated with unilateral PKP were eventually recruited and randomly assigned to either the A or B group. Patients in group A received PKP from the symptom-dominating side; patients in group B received PKP from the symptom non-dominating side. The demographic characteristics, related surgical information, and complications observed within both groups were recorded. The clinical outcomes evaluation included the visual analog scale (VAS) score for low back pain and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Evaluation of imaging results included anterior height (AH), kyphosis angulation (KA), and contralateral distribution rate of bone cement.ResultsOne hundred eighteen patients (48 men and 70 women; age range: 60-83 years), including 59 patients in the A group and 59 patients in the B group, were available for the complete assessment. There were 5 cases and 7 cases of bone cement leakage in groups A and B, respectively, which were asymptomatic para-vertebral or inter-vertebral leakage without intra-spinal leakage. Compared with the preoperative data, significant improvements in the VAS scores and ODI were observed at each follow-up interval. The VAS score and ODI in the A group were significantly lower than in the B group only within 2 months (P < 0.05). Compared with the preoperative data, the AH and KA in the 2 groups were improved (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in AH and KA between the 2 groups at each follow-up interval (P > 0.05).LimitationsA single-center study.ConclusionsThe unilateral PKP performed via the symptom-dominating side can effectively relieve back pain and improve the patient's quality of life at the early stage.

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