• Andrew Walczak, Kate McCarthy, and David L Paterson.
• University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Mar 31; 102 (13): e32662e32662.

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare disease associated with high mortality and complications. Here, we describe a contemporary set of patients aiming to improve the understanding of risk factors, clinical features, treatments, and outcomes. This retrospective case series reviewed cases from 3 tertiary metropolitan hospitals between January 1999 and January 2019. prespecified data were collected for each case, with a review of risk factors, valve involvement, acquisition, treatment, and complications. Fifteen patients were identified over a 20 years period. All patients presented with fever, 5/15 had preexisting prosthetic valve with valvular heart disease in 7/15 patients making it the most common risk factor. Intravenous drug use (IVDU) was the source in only 6/15 cases with healthcare associated infection and left-sided valvular involvement being more common than previous reports both occurring in 9/15 cases. Complications occurred in 11/15 patients with a 30 days mortality of 13%. Surgery was performed in 7/15 patients and 9/15 patients received antibiotic combination therapy. One year mortality was higher in those with increasing age, comorbidities, left-sided valve involvement, presence of predefined complications, and antibiotic monotherapy. Development of resistance occurred in 2 cases that received monotherapy. P aeruginosa IE remains a rare disease with high mortality and secondary complications.Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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