• Xuejun Jiang, Feng Zhou, Fangjun Yuan, Xinyi Lei, Cui Liu, and Zujin Ji.
• Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, PR China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Apr 7; 102 (14): e33497e33497.

RationaleIn the treatment of low rectal cancer (LRC), preserving the anal sphincter is increasingly attracting the attention of colorectal surgeons. Many patients refused to perform a colostomy. Here, we report a case of LRC in a middle-aged woman and the clinical implications of the symptom, the treatment process of LRC, and the complications.Patient ConcernsA 46-year-old woman visited our department with a tumor found on her physical examination because of hemafecia. Then she refused to perform abdominoperineal resection.DiagnosisThe patient first completed a colonoscopy and then underwent a rectal biopsy. The tumor was diagnosed as a rectal adenocarcinoma after pathological evaluation. Then it was staged by magnetic resonance imaging and enhanced computed X-ray tomography.InterventionsThe treatment consisted of chemoradiotherapy followed by cryoablation.OutcomesThe patient achieved a good oncological outcome and preserved the sphincter successfully. The post-cryoablation course of the patient was uneventful and he remained healthy at the 1-year follow-up.LessonsThe preservation of anal sphincters has attracted more and more attention from colorectal surgeons. From the patient's perspective, the preservation of the anal sphincter was a key part of her treatment. We should try to meet the wishes of patients on the basis of curing the disease.Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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