• Michael Hogarth, Daniel John, Yuxiang Li, Jessica Wang-Rodriguez, Jaideep Chakladar, Wei Tse Li, Sanjay R Mehta, Sharad Jain, and Weg M Ongkeko.
• Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
• Am. J. Med. Sci. 2023 Aug 1; 366 (2): 102113102-113.

BackgroundTo evaluate the degree to which clinical comorbidities or combinations of comorbidities are associated with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection.Materials And MethodsA breakthrough infection was defined as a positive test at least 14 days after a full vaccination regimen. Logistic regression was used to calculate aORs, which were adjusted for age, sex, and race information.ResultsA total of 110,380 patients from the UC CORDS database were included. After adjustment, stage 5 CKD due to hypertension (aOR: 7.33; 95% CI: 4.86-10.69; p<.001; power=1) displayed higher odds of infection than any other comorbidity. Lung transplantation history (aOR: 4.79; 95% CI: 3.25-6.82; p<.001; power= 1), coronary atherosclerosis (aOR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.77-2.52; p<.001; power=1), and vitamin D deficiency (aOR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.69-2.06; p<.001; power=1) were significantly correlated to breakthrough infection. Patients with obesity in addition to essential hypertension (aOR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.51-2.01; p<.001; power=1) and anemia (aOR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.47-2.19; p<.001; power=1) were at additional risk of breakthrough infection compared to those with essential hypertension and anemia alone.ConclusionsFurther measures should be taken to prevent breakthrough infection for individuals with these conditions, such as acquiring additional doses of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine to boost immunity.Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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