-
Pediatric emergency care · Jun 2023
The Effect of Developmental Delay and Autism Spectrum Disorder on External Auditory Canal Foreign Body Extraction.
- Justin D Nguyen, Michael C Shih, Shaun A Nguyen, Yi-Chun Carol Liu, and Shraddha S Mukerji.
- From the Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
- Pediatr Emerg Care. 2023 Jun 1; 39 (6): 408412408-412.
ObjectivesTo determine the effect of developmental delay (DD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) on pediatric external auditory canal foreign body (EAC FB) retrieval outcomes.MethodsA retrospective chart review of children presenting with EAC FB at a tertiary children's hospital was performed between January 2018 and December 2019. Charts were reviewed for demographics, presence of otalgia, complications, number of EAC FB episodes, indications for operating room removal, DD, and ASD status.ResultsA total of 1467 patients underwent EAC FB removal. One hundred thirty-seven children (9.3%) had DD, and, of those with DD, 63 (46%) had ASD. Children with DD were 1.76 years older compared with children with non-DD (NDD) ( P < 0.0001) at the time of presentation, whereas children with ASD were 1.45 years older than children with NDD ( P = 0.0023). Children with DD and ASD were more likely to require removal of FB in the operating room (OR) compared with the NDD group (36.5% vs 16.7%, P = 0.0001). This was not true for children with DD without ASD. Patients with DD reported significantly less otalgia when compared with NDD patients (26.3% vs 37.4%, P = 0.0097). A similar trend, although not statistically significant, was observed when comparing children with ASD with NDD patients. The NDD patients (1.1) had fewer EAC FB episodes than patients with DD (1.6, P < 0.0001) and ASD (1.8, P < 0.0016). Hazard ratios for multiple episodes of FB were 4.5 (95% confidence interval, 2.9-6.8) for DD, and 5.6 for ASD (95% confidence interval, 3.2-9.9). The complication rate for all groups was low.ConclusionsDue to the different ways that children with DD and ASD present compared with NDD children, physicians should be vigilant when evaluating symptoms and conducting physical examinations for EAC FB in those patients. A lower threshold for referral to otolaryngologists may result in more favorable outcomes.Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Notes
Knowledge, pearl, summary or comment to share?You can also include formatting, links, images and footnotes in your notes
- Simple formatting can be added to notes, such as
*italics*
,_underline_
or**bold**
. - Superscript can be denoted by
<sup>text</sup>
and subscript<sub>text</sub>
. - Numbered or bulleted lists can be created using either numbered lines
1. 2. 3.
, hyphens-
or asterisks*
. - Links can be included with:
[my link to pubmed](http://pubmed.com)
- Images can be included with:
![alt text](https://bestmedicaljournal.com/study_graph.jpg "Image Title Text")
- For footnotes use
[^1](This is a footnote.)
inline. - Or use an inline reference
[^1]
to refer to a longer footnote elseweher in the document[^1]: This is a long footnote.
.