• Cid Almeida de Lima, Millena Prata Jammal, Renata Margarida Etchebehere, Eddie Fernando Candido Murta, and Rosekeila Simões Nomelini.
• Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics - Uberaba (MG), Brazil.
• Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2023 Jan 1; 69 (6): e20220992e20220992.

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate CD56 immunostaining in the stroma of benign and malignant ovarian epithelial neoplasms and associate the CD56 immunostaining with prognostic factors and survival in ovarian cancer.MethodsPatients with ovarian epithelial neoplasia (n=77) were studied with a prospective cohort. The CD56 immunostaining was evaluated in the peritumoral stroma. Two groups were evaluated: benign ovarian neoplasms (n=40) and malignant ovarian neoplasms (n=37). Data were recorded for histological type and grade, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging, molecular subtype, and lymph node metastases. Fisher's exact test and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used, with a significance level of ≤0.05.ResultsWe found greater CD56 stromal immunostaining in malignant neoplasms when compared to the group of benign neoplasms (p=0.00001). There was no significant difference in relation to the prognostic factors and survival.ConclusionMalignant ovarian neoplasms showed higher stromal CD56 immunostaining. As the prognostic value of natural killer in ovarian cancer is controversial, knowing the specific function of each cell present both in the tumor tissue and systemically may help guide successful immunotherapies in the near future.

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