• Neurosurgery · Nov 2023

    Quantitative Analysis of Parenchymal Effects and Flow of Large Arteriovenous Malformations Managed With Stereotactic Radiosurgery.

    • Juan Diego Alzate, Elad Mashiach, Kenneth Bernstein, Fernando De Nigris Vasconcellos, Tanxia Qu, Joshua S Silverman, Maksim Shapiro, Peter K Nelson, Eytan Raz, Howard A Riina, and Douglas Kondziolka.
    • Department of Neurological Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York , USA.
    • Neurosurgery. 2023 Nov 1; 93 (5): 105710651057-1065.

    Background And ObjectivesStereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) of larger arteriovenous malformations (AVM) is associated with an elevated incidence of adverse radiation effects (ARE). To date, volume-response and dose-response models have been used to predict such effects. To understand radiological outcomes and their hemodynamic effects on the regional brain.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted at our institution using a prospective registry of patients managed between 2014 and 2020. We included patients with AVM with a nidus larger than 5 cc who received either single-session or volume-staged Gamma Knife radiosurgery. AVM volume changes, volumes of parenchymal response, and obliteration were analyzed and correlated with transit times and diameters of feeding arteries and draining veins.ResultsSixteen patients underwent single-session SRS, and 9 patients underwent volume-staged SRS. The average AVM volume was 12.6 cc (5.5-23). The AVM locations were predominantly lobar (80%) and 17 (68%) were in critical locations. The mean margin dose was 17.2 Gy (15-21), and the median V12Gy was 25.5 cc. Fourteen (56%) AVMs had a transit time shorter than 1 second. The median vein-artery ratio (sum diameter of the veins/sum diameter of feeding arteries) was 1.63 (range, 0.60-4.19). Asymptomatic parenchymal effects were detected in 13 (52%) patients and were symptomatic in 4 (16%) patients. The median time to ARE was 12 months (95% CI 7.6-16.4). On univariate analysis, significant predictors of ARE were lower vein-artery ratio ( P = .024), longer transit time ( P = .05), higher mean dose ( P = .028), and higher D95 ( P = .036).ConclusionTransit times and vessel diameters are valuable predictors of the subsequent parenchymal response after SRS. A more quantitative understanding of blood flow is critical for predicting the effects on the regional brain after AVM radiosurgery.Copyright © Congress of Neurological Surgeons 2023. All rights reserved.

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