• Jiawei Chen, Lingyang Hua, Xiupeng Xu, Zeyidan Jiapaer, Jiaojiao Deng, Daijun Wang, Lifeng Zhang, Guoping Li, and Ye Gong.
• Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China.
• World Neurosurg. 2023 Aug 1; 176: e501e514e501-e514.

BackgroundDysregulation of immune infiltration critically contributes to the tumorigenesis and progression of meningiomas. However, the landscape of immune microenvironment and key genes correlated with immune cell infiltration remains unclear.MethodsFour Gene Expression Omnibus data sets were included. CIBERSORT algorithm was utilized to analyze the immune cell infiltration in samples. Wilcoxon test, Random Forest algorithm, and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression were adopted in identifying significantly different infiltrating immune cells and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Functional enrichment analysis was performed by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology. The correlation between genes and immune cells was evaluated via Spearman's correlation analysis. Receiver Operator Characteristic curve analysis evaluated the markers' diagnostic effectiveness. The mRNA-miRNA and Drug-Gene-Immune cell interaction networks were constructed to identify potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets.ResultsPlasma cells, M1 macrophages, M2 macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, and activated NK cells were the significantly different infiltrating immune cells in meningioma. A total of 951 DEGs, associated with synaptic function and structure, ion transport regulation, brain function, and immune-related pathways, were identified. Among 11 hub DEGs, RYR2 and TTR were correlated with plasma cells; SNCG was associated with NK cells; ADCY1 exhibited excellent diagnostic effectiveness; and ADCY1, BMX, KCNA5, SLCO4A1, and TTR could be considered as therapeutic targets.ConclusionsADCY1 can be identified as a diagnostic marker; ADCY1, BMX, KCNA5, SLCO4A1, and TTR are potential therapeutic targets, and their associations with macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells, and plasma cells might impact the tumorigenesis of meningiomas.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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